Diet is the most important component of gastritis therapy.Depending on some features of the disease, for example, acidity in the stomach, as well as the presence of erosive, atrophic and other forms, what can and cannot be included in the diet menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, periodically drinks alcohol, smokes and is exposed to frequent severe stress, then he will inevitably develop pathology, such as gastritis.This is a disease that causes inflammation of the gastric mucosa, which destroys its integrity.As a result, various unpleasant symptoms appear, one of the main of which is acute pain in the upper abdomen.In addition, swelling, vomiting, nausea and vomiting appear, appetite decreases or completely disappears, which often leads to weight loss.Gastritis of the stomach can take many forms, including an infectious environment, but in any case, successful treatment requires proper nutrition.You need not only to change your diet, but also to decide what you cannot eat, and also to change the principles of nutrition, to organize it with a fixed menu for a week, and to divide the entire amount of food into 5-6 meals.In time, the diet should be strengthened;In addition, gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity, there are some nuances.
What is possible and what is not allowed for gastritis?
The main differences in the diet are determined by the level of acidity.Which indicator is determined for a specific patient during diagnosis before therapy.
Increased acidity
There are three main principles to follow when increasing acidity, which often occurs:
- Mechanical.It defines a ban on fried foods;In addition, coarse fiber, such as bran bread, rutabaga, turnips and meat strips are not allowed.
- Chemical.It says to avoid foods that promote the release of hydrochloric acid, which is required for the digestive process, such as soda, alcohol, and citrus fruits.In addition, concentrated rich broth based on meat and fish is prohibited.
- Thermal.This consists of eating food that has an optimal temperature, usually in the range of 16-55 degrees Celsius.If the food is hot or cold, then with gastritis it causes irritation of the esophagus, which prolongs the time of digestion of food and, therefore, increases the stress on the stomach.
If the environment in the stomach is characterized as acidic, low-fat types of fish and meat, sour milk products, omelet or soft-boiled eggs are suitable for eating.In addition, the diet may include peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes, etc.
Low acidity
A diet for gastritis with reduced acidity includes foods that promote the production of enzymes that support digestion.For this, it is also important to normalize the diet.This should be done gradually;It is important to spend at least half a minute chewing a piece of food, and the eating process should last at least half an hour.Drinking a little carbonated mineral water significantly improves the excretion of hydrochloric acid;drink 200 ml of this water before meals.A variety of fruits and vegetables are allowed, and should be eaten immediately after a meal, as snacks are not allowed in the diet.Fruits and vegetables should be chosen lightly based on the principle of the absence of hard fibers.To further facilitate the digestion process, it is better to peel the fruit beforehand and eat only the pulp.
Low acidity has some advantages over high acidity.Small amounts of chocolate products, light soups and broths, and lean meats, including river fish, mushrooms, and rabbit and veal, are acceptable.Milk derivatives are allowed, but it is better to avoid milk itself.
What is not allowed?
If you have gastritis with any acidity, do not use the following:
- cooking;
- Chocolate products;
- fried, spicy foods;
- Alcoholic beverages;
- food rich in vegetable or animal fats;
- Vinegar.
How to eat during exacerbation - menu for the week
At the moment of exacerbation, a compromise should be found and the body receives all the necessary nutrients and trace elements, but the diet is neutral and does not irritate the mucous membrane, which is so inflamed.In such a situation, it is necessary to help digestion to happen as quickly as possible.For that, you should try to chop all the food as much as possible and only boil or steam it for cooking.
It is important not only to create a menu that is balanced and soft, but also to adhere strictly, eat food at a strictly defined time every day.The intervals between doses should not exceed three hours, otherwise the stomach will be empty and the exacerbation will only increase.It cannot be delivered because it causes gastric stasis.In the evening, you should eat no later than three to four hours before going to bed.
Oddly enough, it is recommended to spend the first day on an empty stomach during the growing season.However, you still need to fill your stomach.For that, you need to drink a lot of still water and poorly brewed tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.From the second day, liquid porridge and mashed potatoes with water are allowed.In addition, non-concentrated soup with boiled eggs and chopped vegetables will be useful.When gastritis is aggravated, fatty foods should be completely removed from the diet, because their breakdown is very slow.
Menu for the week
Monday and Wednesday:
- Oatmeal and compote breakfast;
- The second time you have breakfast with steamed cheesecakes;
- Lunch consists of mashed potatoes, vegetable soup with breadcrumbs, boiled fish, compote;
- Lunch - light tea and biscuits;
- Dinner - boiled lean meat cutlets with a side dish of pasta, light tea.
Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday:
- Breakfast consists of baked apples, cheesecake and compote;
- The second breakfast should be taken with a glass of jelly;
- Lunch should be eaten with vegetable soup, steamed fish, mineral water from gases;
- Afternoon snack is allowed with white bread crackers and light tea without sugar;
- Cheese casserole and compote for dinner.
Friday, Sunday:
- 5-6 minutes boiled egg and breakfast should be washed down with compote;
- During the second breakfast, eat tea with tea;
- Lunch vegetable stew, mashed potato soup, jelly;
- afternoon snack - a glass of kefir with crackers;
- For dinner, fish boiled in water with porridge.
No. 1 diet against gastritis
Diet number 1 is considered very strict.However, its use is a necessary measure, because normal digestion and the absence of irritation of the gastric mucosa are very important in case of gastritis or human ulcer.This diet is prescribed after the acute phase of the disease.Among the cooking methods, only boiling, steaming and baking can be used.Its presence has a negative effect on the condition of the inner surface of the stomach, because it is very important to reduce the amount of consumed salt;In addition, salt slows down the release of water from the body.
Diet No. 1 involves dividing the entire daily diet into five to six small portions.the total amount of consumed calories should not exceed 2000.
Among the main foods that should be included in the diet #1:
- Vegetable soup.Vegetable base can be replaced with vermicelli or rice;
- Lean meat and fish without veins and other hard-to-digest elements;
- Bread products should be eaten yesterday, dried, as well as in the form of crackers.
In moderation, you can eat fermented milk products, for example, cottage cheese, yogurt, skim milk.
Do not use in diet number 1:
- rye bread;
- soup based on mushrooms and meat - okroshka, borscht, cabbage soup should be avoided;
- smoked products;
- Pickled cucumber;
- Fish and other canned goods.
Diet for erosive form
When the action of the disease causes erosion of the stomach, gastritis is called erosive, then it is called an ulcer.An ulcer is a serious disease that can lead to serious consequences, for example, peritonitis, the erosion of the wall gradually leads to a hole, and the contents of the stomach enter the abdominal cavity.This condition is fatal without urgent surgical treatment.
The causes of erosion are the effect of Helicobacter Pylori infection, the effect of substances or excessive acidity of gastric juice.Thus, with erosive gastritis, proper nutrition is very important to slow down and reverse the ulcer formation process.
If the patient has erosive gastritis, the diet should be based on the following principles:
- the consumed food should not irritate the stomach wall to a minimum and increase its acidity;
- Liquid, warm, pureed foods should be eaten regularly.At the same time, the amount of fat and salt in the diet should be minimized;
- Avoid bad habits, spices, soda;
- Vegetables should be cooked using heat treatment;
- Food should be mainly soup and cereal.
Diet and menu if the patient has atrophic gastritis
Diagnosing the atrophic form is relatively difficult because there are no symptoms in the early stages of the pathology.Among several symptoms of the disease, it is worth noting the presence of a larynx with a very unpleasant smell after eating fried and fatty foods.In addition, unknown companions of atrophic gastritis are general weakness, brittle legs and hair, skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis imposes serious restrictions on the list of possible and impossible.You should avoid the following in your diet:
- Black bread products, bread products;
- smoked dishes;
- mushrooms of any kind;
- peas, beans;
- canned food;
- uncooked fruits and vegetables;
- soda, including mineral water;
- Milk.
Like other diets, against gastritis, in the atrophic stage, cooking methods such as frying and smoking are completely prohibited.You can boil, steam or bake food to make it ready to eat
Nutrition with atrophic gastritis is important:
- grated vegetables based on soup;
- Any kind of porridge in water;
- boiled lean meat, very finely chopped;
- Derivatives of skimmed milk;
- boiled eggs;
- Unleavened white bread, crackers;
- thermally processed vegetables and fruits;
- May;
- For dessert, you can treat yourself to marmalade, jelly and mousse.